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WHAT A SHOCKING CAREERLONGTIME PLAYING-ABOUT WITH ELECTROSTATIC PHYSICS(c)1999 William J. Beaty I started out normal, at least somewhat normal. I only turned
into a raving Electrostatics Freak over many years. As 4-yr old
kids long ago,
my little brother and I spent lots of time chasing each other in slow
motion
while scuffing on the livingroom rug and dueling with
zapping fingers.
Cat noses did not go unnoticed.
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For a 6-yr old,
this was profoundly stunning magic. Also, the real world contradicted my
father's statements, and I discovered this on my own. Knowing what I
know
now, I see that the experiment shouldn't have worked. Guam is way
too humid for static-electricity demonstrations. However, we were in a
heavily-airconditioned building, and all the moisture-exuding students had
been gone for hours. The air conditioner must have finally been able to
lower the tropical jungle r.h. to barely within the range where rabbit fur
can electrify a hard-rubber rod. I think my father tried the
demonstration the next day, and said it still didn't work. (A classroom
full of kids creates lots of humidity.) Heh heh. The world can talk to
little kids, and show us a secret.
Back in upstate New York, in 7th grade gym class, there was a small
"wrestling/weights room" with
padded
walls, Sorbothane floor pads, and a weight-lifting set. This was nerd
heaven, since the coach would leave us alone in order to
supervise
the basketball
jocks. The rest of the kids would practice "weightlifting" by grabbing
2lb iron weight-disks, then walking slowly around the perimiter of the
room while leaning and dragging our shoulders on the plastic pads. Yes,
gym class can be fun! :) We "dueled" with the iron disks, and the
resulting sparks were NASTY. Even if they lept from disk to disk, we
could feel our arm-muscles significantly twitch. (Looking back on this, I
see that our body-voltages must have been relatively astronomical when
compared with the voltage range of normal rug-scuffing.) I quickly
noticed
that two electrified kids could not deliver shocks, and if EVERYBODY was
electrified, nobody could zap each other. However, *I* still could! I
would step off the Sorbothane pads for a moment, lose my charge imbalance
to the conductive concrete floor, then go around delivering painful zaps
because of
my "grounded" state. I became skilled at tracking who was carrying charge
imbalances and who
was not, trying to almost "see" the voltage state of all the individual
kids (the better to zap you with, my dear.) Obviously a powerful
childhood experience, eh? :)
When I was 13, I received a much-coveted
subscription to Popular Science for my birthday, and was having
delerious visions of all the cool stuff I was going to build when someday
I had money. Then I got the 1972 April and May and issues. Motors.
Plastic motors. Plastic motors which can be POWERED BY THE SKY! Dr. Oleg
D. Jefimenko's famous Electrostatic Motor articles were in those issues;
describing all sorts of exotic rotating devices made from foil layers and
gleaming polished plexiglas. The Elmira Flood of 1972 hit a week later,
wiping out my room, and I thought I'd never see those magazine issues
again. Yet what bizarre things lurk just under the thin crust of our
ordinary mundane everyday reality, squirrled away in places few people
ever look, and if they do look they don't see it. Motors powered by the
sky.
In 8th grade physical science class, there was a VandeGraaff machine in
the rear storage room. This was used for higher grades, and I never saw
it run. However, while waiting for class to begin, I would sneak back
there and spin the motor drive by hand, which caused the VDG sphere to
suck in the ground-ball on it's spring-loaded rod, until a 2-inch spark
would go "bap!"
Disgusted by the arrogant
scientific dispargement of Kirlian Photography
and Pyramid Power, I went to college and became an electrical engineer
instead of a physicist.
Decades later I finally encountered an electrostatic voltmeter, and for
the first time I was able to verify the actual human body-voltage values
which
arise from rug-scuffing. I had always imagined that people could easily
develop 30KV with respect to the earth. I was working at Sykes
Datatronics (Ra cha cha, NY!) when the production line was down because of
fried motherboards (pre-Apple-II, 6502, 8" floppies.) Electrostatic
damage was judged to be the culprit, and the new and expensive conveyor
system had to be modified. The engineering department rented a couple of
"Electrometers" (Electrostatic Voltmeters,) so I immediately got hold of
one
and went scuffing around upon various carpets. I was amazed to find that
my measured body voltage WRT ground would only hit 4.0KV at max, even
though I was able to create 5mm sparks from fingertip to ground. My
biased perception of voltage values created by that sorbothane-padded
weight-room came to an end. Later I used that voltmeter extensively for
FCC testing of modem transformers. Some tech people have Black Bakelite
"VOM" meters in their early electronics experience. I have a
thousand-billion ohm electronic voltmeter with a 10,000v full-scale range.
Truely an "alternate mental toolbox."
I stumbled across an ad for "Electronics Dept. Head" for the Boston Museum
of Science, and actually landed the job. Effing Incredible!!! The
best techi job in the entire world. (low pay though.) Boston has
Dr. VandeGraaff's original gigantic particle-accelerator, and uses it to
give lightning shows. The small museum
library also had an extensive collection of electrostatics books,
including those long-lost E-motor articles from Pop. Electronics, as well as
feet thick of article clippings, build-it projects for bizarre-o
kilovoltage devices of all kinds, ancient dusty physics journal articles,
etc. Over one stretch of weeks I must have spent four hours a day
there, swallowing it all. Then the musuem embarked on its
Electricity/Electronics exhibit.
Dr. Jefimenko missed something huge: a powerful social effect, as well
as an
opportunity to harness it. Why wasn't the world already crawling with
electrostatic motors? Simple: nobody ever messes with them and gets
interested in them. But what about Jefimenko's incredible motors? Well,
we need lathes, milling machines, and precision machine-shop skills to
build those heavy-duty sky-voltage motors in his articles. They are
elegant and impressive museum pieces, but what child would ever look at
an
impressive museum piece and think "hey... *I* could build that!" ?
"Impressive" cancels out their inspiration. But that's what our upcoming
electronics exhibit might end up looking like: elegant and impressive
barriers to learning. Like hell it would.
I got to try my hand at electrostatic
motor design, and came up with a nice, high-speed 3-sector disk motor
built from the requisite gleaming plexiglas, as well as unique
voltage-viewers panels, attempts at electrostatic levitation demos,
visible e-beams and magnets, exposing the museum visitors to AC
kilovoltage, and other seriously cool stuff which was necessarily
compatible with national museum esthetic standards. (The excess material
is now on my Electrostatics page!) But I also included
something aimed at the modern versions of my long-ago 6-yr-old self: an
exotic electrostatic motor made from garbage. The Hall of Electricity
even now has one case containing a hand-cranked VandeGraaff machine, and
also in that case is my subtle and subversive message aimed at all those
weirdo kids who might be a bit like I once was. Look! A motor made from
old pop cans and tinfoil, which turns by itself because of invisible
magic. Science is supposed to be impressive, important, and horrendously
complicated, right? The better to stroke mankind's overblown ego with.
But ANYBODY could build such a thing. Your parents turn the crank and
walk on to the next exhibit unit. But *YOU* know what that crude little
device implies, don't you. I can feel you out there, looking at it.
Well, the internet arrives and all that is moot. Everyone and his
(little) brother can now stumble into this expanding nest of
High Voltage
shennanigans, and go off to build bottle motors,
VDG machines, create
lightning from water, perform strange
high-voltage demonstrations... or just learn the
secret skill for scuffing up a really big zap.
Cool ideas spread by the same dynamics which control disease epidemics. I
just wanna be a "Typhoid Mary" of electrostatics. But this is a disease
which has a chance of IMPROVING the infected population, eh? :)
Me, I'm still out here working at a normal 9-5 programming job (although
once I did get to play "Professional ESD Remediation Expert" by tracking
down mysterious resetting in a
microprocessor-array "smart conveyor" system using nothing but a
Radio Shack cliplead and a 50-cent voltage sniffer.)
Perhaps I could do more if I pursued funding, but the pursuit of funding
is crawling with petty politics and timesucking bureaucratic paper
shuffling. Perhaps the pursuit
of funding would wreck all of this webpage stuff, since webpage stuff only
needs time, not money. With a good job and time for a hobby on the
side, what more do I need?
If there's one thing I want you to get from all this, it's the fact that
this world is totally jam-packed full of profound depths of unplumbed
mysteries, hidden just below the surface. But there is a problem. We
are blind. We can't see them. And any people who don't believe in those
mysteries cannot feel them out there, waiting for them, hovering just
around the next corner out of sight. "Normal" people know for a fact that
science has discovered EVERYTHING. They are convinced that, maybe a few
decades ago, there were still some interesting things left to discover,
but today they're all gone. Star Trek technology? Don't make them laugh.
Their physics proves that it's all impossible. Humankind is a
self-centered predator whose highest goal is to steal
success from his
fellows, humankind will never reach the stars, any other belief is
unscientific Sci-fi fantasy.
And the famous American astronomer/skeptic
Simon Newcomb proved in 1904 that flying machines were impossible. Hence
all researchers exept the crackpots were convinced to drop any
flying-machine research, and to loudly ridicule the Wright Brothers for
years after their successful flights; during the years they were giving
public demonstrations in Dayton, OH, and no scientist, reporter, or
government official ever showed up. Some rare people suspect that there
MIGHT be a small lesson in that. The majority never learn.
"New and stirring things are belittled because if they are not belittled, the humiliating question arises, 'Why then are you not taking part in them?' " - H. G. Wells |
Physics Sermon: explaining it in english!